Health
What is H5N1 bird flu, its symptoms, and how deadly can bird flu be?
July 21 An 11-year-old boy died of H5N1 bird flu In Delhi. This is the first recorded death from bird flu in India this year. In January, bird flu was confirmed in several states. Thousands of birds, Found dead, including migrating species.
What is bird flu?
Bird flu or bird flu is a disease caused by the bird flu type A virus that is naturally found in wild birds around the world. The virus can infect poultry such as chickens, ducks and turkeys, and H5N1 infections have been reported in Thai zoos in pigs, cats and even tigers.
Avian influenza A virus is classified based on two proteins on its surface, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). There are about 18 HA subtypes and 11 NA subtypes. Some combinations of these two proteins are possible. For example, H5N1, H7N2, H9N6, H17N10.
Human infectious diseases
There are reports of avian and swine flu infections in humans such as A (H1N1), A (H1N2), A (H5N1), A (H7N9). The first report of human H5N1 infection was in 1997 and currently exceeds 700. Human cases of highly pathogenic Asian avian influenza A (HPAI) H5N1 virus in Asia have been reported to the World Health Organization from 16 countries. The infection is fatal because of the high mortality rate of about 60%.
The most common route of viral infection is direct contact — when a person comes into close contact with an infected bird, either dead or alive.
Humans can also be affected by contact with air near contaminated surfaces and infected poultry. There is not enough evidence to suggest the spread of the virus through properly cooked meat.
Symptoms of bird flu
According to the US CDC, reported signs and symptoms of avian influenza A virus infection in humans range from mild to severe influenza-like illness.
– Fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting
– Severe respiratory illness (eg, shortness of breath, dyspnea, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress, viral pneumonia, respiratory failure)
– Neurological changes (changes in mental status, seizures)
Risk group
Children and adults under the age of 40 were found to be most affected, with mortality rates high between the ages of 10 and 19.
Communication from person to person
Dr. Randeep Guleria, chief of AIIMS, told PTI that human-to-human transmission of the H5N1 virus is extremely rare and should not be panicked. “Don’t panic, as bird-to-human transmission of the virus is rare and persistent human-to-human transmission of the H5N1 virus has not yet been established, but those who work closely with poultry. Must take precautions and maintain proper personal hygiene. “
A paper published in The New in 2005 England The Journal of Medicine investigated the potential for human-to-human transmission in Thai family clusters: “Mother and aunt disease is a human-to-human transmission during unprotected exposure to this deadly avian influenza virus. The first patient who is likely to be the cause. “
Dr. Neeraj Nischal, an associate professor of medicine at AIIMS, told PTI that bird flu or bird flu is primarily a zoonotic disease and there is no evidence of persistent zoonotic disease so far.
“Several isolated family clusters have been reported, but infections in these clusters may have been caused by very close physical contact with general exposure and in rare circumstances. Small particle aerosols. There is no evidence of person-to-person transmission through, “he added.
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