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Scientists identify new “hidden” genes for the coronavirus COVID-19 virus | Indian News
New York: Researchers have identified a new “hidden” gene in the virus responsible for SARS-CoV-2, Covid-19. This may have contributed to its unique biology and pandemic potential.
For viruses with only about 15 genes in total, knowing more about this gene and other overlapping genes, or “genes within a gene,” can have a significant impact on how you fight the virus.
A postdoctoral fellow at the Academia Sinica in Taiwan and the American Museum of Natural History.
“Knowing the existence of overlapping genes and how they work may reveal new ways of controlling coronavirus, for example by antiviral drugs.”
According to a study published in the journal eLife, the team identified ORF3d, a new duplication gene for SARS-CoV-2. This can code longer than expected proteins by chance alone.
They found that this gene was also present in the previously discovered pangoline coronavirus. This probably reflects the repeated loss and gain of this gene during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses.
In addition, ORF3d has been independently identified and shown to elicit a potent antibody response in Covid-19 patients, indicating that a new gene protein is produced during human infection.
“We still don’t know if it has any function or clinical significance,” Nelson said.
“But in contrast to the antibody response, we predict that this gene is relatively unlikely to be detected by the T cell response. Perhaps it has something to do with how the gene originated.”
At first glance, genes look like a written language in that they are made up of strings that convey information (in RNA viruses, nucleotides A, U, G, and C).
However, while language units (words) are discrete and non-overlapping, genes are duplicated and multifunctional, and information is mysteriously encoded depending on where the “reading” begins.
Finding duplicate genes is difficult, and most scientific computer programs are not designed to find them. However, it is common in viruses.
This is because RNA viruses have a high mutation rate and tend to keep the number of genes low to prevent large numbers of mutations.
As a result, the virus has evolved a type of data compression system in which one letter in the genome can contribute to two or three different genes.
“The lack of duplicate genes risks overlooking an important aspect of viral biology,” Nelson said.
“In terms of genome size, SARS-CoV-2 and its relatives are one of the longest RNA viruses in existence, and therefore tend to be more” genomic tricks “than other RNA viruses. “
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