Health
Most Infectious Covid Patients in the First 5 Days After Symptoms: Study
Most Infectious Covid Patients in the First 5 Days After Symptoms: Study
November 28, 2020-10:26
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Edinburgh: A new study emphasizes the importance of early case identification and quarantine, with COVID-19 being the most contagious in the first 5 days after the onset of symptoms.
A systematic review and meta-analysis led by researchers at the University of St Andrews in Scotland included 7,997 patients infected with COVID-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-1), or the coronavirus that causes the Middle East. 98 studies were included. Respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV). 79 (81%) of the studies included patients with COVID-19.
The average duration of viral RNA release was 17 days in the upper respiratory tract, 14.6 days in the lower respiratory tract, 17.2 days in stool, and 16.6 days in serum. The maximum time for shedding was 83 days for the upper respiratory tract, 59 days for the lower respiratory tract, 35 days for stool, and 60 days for serum.
Eight studies using patient respiratory samples in the first week of illness succeeded in culturing live virus, but were collected 9 days after onset of symptoms, despite persistently high viral load. No live virus was found in the sample.
SARS-CoV-2 viral load peaked in the upper respiratory tract, which is believed to be the primary source of infection, in the first 5 days after the onset of symptoms. SARS-CoV-1 peaked in 10-14 days and MERS-CoV peaked in 7-10 days. Researchers say this may be the reason why COVID-19 is spreading more rapidly in the community and more difficult to contain.
This study found no difference in viral load peaks between symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients, but asymptomatic patients were shorter because they cleared the virus faster. It can be transmitted in time.
The authors stated that they could not recommend an optimal duration of quarantine because their study only targeted confirmed cases, not potential exposure, but the results were for people with COVID-19. Seems to indicate that it can infect others for about 9 days. Currently, most countries recommend quarantining COVID-19 patients for 10 days.
However, researchers warn that many patients in the studies analyzed were hospitalized and received a variety of treatments that may have altered the course of infection and thus the duration of infection.
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