Health

Studies suggest that eating a plant-based diet can improve metabolism

Studies published at the JAMA Network Open by researchers on the Medical Committee for Responsible Healthcare Plant-based diet It can improve the risk factors for cardiac metabolism in overweight people, increase their metabolic rate and lead to faster weight loss.

Researchers randomly assigned overweight participants with no history of diabetes to the intervention in a 1: 1 ratio. Participants in the intervention group were asked to follow a fruit, vegetable, whole grain, and low-fat plant-based diet based on whole grains. A legume with no calorie restriction for 16 weeks.

Neither group changed their diet, exercise, or medication routines without the instructions of their doctor. Researchers used indirect calorimetry to measure the number of calories burned by participants after a standardized diet, both at the beginning and at the end of the study.

The plant-based group increased postprandial caloric burning by an average of 18.7% after 16 weeks.

Postprandial burns in the control group did not change significantly. “These findings are groundbreaking for 160 million Americans suffering from overweight and obesity,” said research author Hana Kaleova, MD, director of clinical research at the Medical Committee.

Increasing calories after each meal for years or decades can make a big difference in weight management. Participants in the plant-based group lost 6.4 kg (about 14 pounds) in just 16 weeks. Mean compared to slight changes in the control group.

The plant-based group also saw a significant reduction in fat mass and visceral fat mass (dangerous fat found around the viscera). Researchers also collaborated with Yale University researchers Kit Petersen, MD and Gerald Schulman, MD, to track intramuscular lipids and hepatocellular lipids in a subset of participants using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (Fat that accumulates in muscle and hepatocytes).

People in the plant-based group reduced fat in the liver and muscle cells by 34% and 10%, respectively, but no significant changes were seen in the control group. The fat accumulated in these cells is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

“When fat accumulates in the liver and muscle cells, insulin interferes with the ability of glucose to move from the bloodstream to the cells,” adds Dr. Carreova. “Only 16 weeks after a low-fat plant-based diet, study participants reduced intracellular fat and reduced their chances of developing type 2 diabetes,” added Dr. Kahleova.

The study also provided new insights into the association between intracellular fat and insulin resistance. The plant-based group reduced fasting plasma insulin levels by 21.6 pmol / L, decreased insulin resistance, and increased insulin sensitivity (all positive results), but significant changes were seen in the control group. did not.

The plant-based group also reduced total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol by 19.3 mg / dL and 15.5 mg / dL, respectively, but no significant change in the control group.

“The plant-based group not only lost weight, but also experienced improved cardiovascular metabolism that reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and other health problems,” said Dr. Kahleova.

“I intend to continue this diet forever, not just for 16 weeks, but for a lifetime,” reports study participant Sam T., who lost 34 pounds during the 16-week study and improved his metabolism. After the study was completed, Sam continued his plant-based diet, reached his target weight, and started half marathons and marathons.

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