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Can I use an infrared camera to detect heat?
You can see that the highest intensity wavelength generated (peak in the upper curve) depends on the temperature of the object. As the temperature increases, the wavelength of the peak emission decreases. That is, move left and return to the visible spectrum.
Therefore, at room temperature (eg, 300 Kelvin), this peak wavelength is about 9.7 μm (micrometers). This places most of the radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum. So I can’t tell how warm it is usually.
However, when heated to 1200 K, for example, as in an oven element, the wavelength of maximum intensity drops to about 2.4 μm. It is still in the infrared region, but shifting the curve drops more light in the visible part of the spectrum (<0.74 μm), so that it can shine with the eyes. (Try with PhET simulator! )
The relationship between this temperature and wavelength is Vienna’s displacement method, Which looks like this:
In this equation, λ is the wavelength of the light of maximum intensity and T is the temperature (b is a constant). In other words, you can get the value of the temperature of the object simply by looking at the color of the light generated by the object.
An infrared camera is needed because most of the light is invisible. It’s basically the same as a regular digital camera, but instead of a sensor that detects visible wavelengths, it can “see” infrared wavelengths. My IR camera can also take temperature readings on images. Seriously, these things are great.
You have no reflection
Oh, but there is a problem. Vienna’s law works only for radiation from “black bodies”. what’s that? A black body is an object that does not reflect outside light. All the light it emits is generated by the object itself. Incandescent bulbs are a good example. The filament becomes very hot and the incandescent light comes on. (That’s why incandescent It’s a troublesome light source. They waste a lot of energy in the infrared range you can’t see.
In fact, light from most is a mixture of radiation and reflection. Therefore, if you want to use that light to get the temperature of the object, you need to know the ratio. There is an index called EmissivityAnd capture this. It ranges from 0.0 for a perfect reflective surface to 1.0 for a perfect blackbody. There is a table you can look up Emissivity of different materials.
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