The study demonstrates that self-similar fracture stress is more suitable for simulating earthquakes in a destructive scenario

Horizontal PGV and density distribution within the four models, (a) horizontal uniform stress model, and self-similar stress model with (b) ac = 50 km, (c) ac = 40 km, (d) ac = 30 km, where ac It is the characteristic length that determines the stress roughness. Credit: China Science Press

Earthquake scenarios are useful in assessing seismic hazards along active faults. However, identifying the sources of destructive scenario earthquakes, especially when dealing with heterogeneous stresses, can be difficult.

Researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China conducted a study on the Tanlu Fault, the largest strike-slip fault in eastern China, demonstrating that self-similar fracture stress is more suitable for characterizing earthquake scenario sources. Their paper was published in the journal Science China Earth Sciences.

The study focused on the Xinyi-Sihong portion of the Tanlu Fault, an area known to potentially be hit by a M7.5 earthquake. The epicenter of the explosion was located near a depth of 10 km around Suqian, where a marked contrast between high and low velocities indicates a possible nucleation point. The team effectively constrained the length and width of the fault rupture according to the scaling laws that govern large earthquakes.

To gain a better understanding of the physical process of rupture propagation with stress heterogeneity, the researchers simulated the process of a seismic rupture scenario using the finite difference method. The depth-dependent background normal stress is incorporated. They used self-similar fractional stress perturbation to characterize stress heterogeneity in the fault strike direction.

Compared with the horizontal uniform stress model, the researchers showed that the source time function of the horizontal uniform stress model is very similar to that of the Haskell model. However, the self-similar stress model corresponds more closely to those observed in real earthquakes.

Dynamic rupture simulations have provided insight into how different stress conditions affect rupture behavior and ground motion. Notably, the self-similar stress model, which has a shorter characteristic length, indicates a coarser initial stress and a more homogeneous slip distribution.

North of the epicenter near Suqian, models predict more intense shaking due to the nearby low-velocity zone and high slip rates on the fault. This area falls within the 9-magnitude zone, which highlights the importance of targeted earthquake preparedness and building resistance capabilities.

The study emphasizes the importance of coupling self-similar fractal stresses in earthquake scenario simulations. By enhancing our understanding of the influence of stress heterogeneity on earthquake rupture propagation and ground motions, scientists can provide better guidelines for infrastructure development and disaster preparedness strategies.

More information: Feng Hu et al, Influence of self-similar stresses on earthquake scenario construction: example along the Tanlu fault, Science China Earth Sciences (2024). doi: 10.1007/s11430-023-1239-8

Provided by China Science Press

Citation: Study shows self-similar fractal stress more suitable for simulating destructive scenario earthquakes (2024, May 15) Retrieved May 16, 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2024-05-similar-fractal-stress-suitable -Destructive.html

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