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Coronavirus Briefing: What Happened Today
Welcome to the Coronavirus Briefing, a new newsletter from the New York Times. Sign up to get it by email here.
Each day of the week, find out about the most important developments regarding coronaviruses, put all this in context and indicate the most useful ways to prepare.
In this inaugural edition, also find the story so far and the things you can do to protect yourself and your community.
The virus spreads in the United States
For weeks, as the virus spread to China and beyond, US officials kept strict control over testing: only people who had symptoms and had traveled to China or had known exposure to another patient would be tested, and mostly only by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
This led to a low level of global testing, and some epidemiologists suspected that the virus could spread without being detected.
These federal rules were relaxed over the weekend, and as testing has grown, new cases have quickly emerged in states like New York, Florida and Rhode Island, five cases on Saturday, 18 Sunday and 12 others Monday. Some had no obvious source of infection. Officials expect more to follow.
The community spread is going to be real, said Governor Andrew M. Cuomo of New York. It is inevitable.
At the time of this writing, there have been a total of 100 cases in the United States, according to a database maintained by the New York Times. Six people died. Here is an overview of what we know about the American cases.
Globally, there have been just over 90,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus to date; around 80,000 of them are in China. About 3,000 people died, the vast majority of them in China.
The Seattle area is the epicenter of disease and fear
A group of coronavirus cases in Kirkland, Washington, a suburb of Seattle, plunged the region into turmoil. So far, the six deaths in the United States have occurred in this region in the past few days.
The epidemic centers on a nursing home, Life Care Center in Kirkland, where eight residents and one staff member have tested positive since Friday. Four residents died and many more are ill.
King County officials were struggling to cope with the epidemic. A quarter of Kirklands firefighters are in quarantine. A local college had to disinfect its campus because the students had gone to the retirement home. A school district canceled Tuesday's lessons so staff can learn how to educate students from a distance if the epidemic worsens.
Genetic analysis of two Washington State cases revealed that the virus has been circulating there without being recognized for as long as six weeks, suggesting that hundreds of people could unknowingly transmit the virus.
Mike Baker, our Seattle-based correspondent covering the epidemic, said that distrust seemed to be everywhere Monday. I met the public health officer and she didn't want to shake my hand, he said. We banged our elbows instead.
A catastrophe taking place in Iran
An adviser to the Supreme Leader of Iran is among at least 66 people in the country who have died from coronaviruses, official media reported on Monday.
It was not clear whether the counselor, Mohammad Mirmohammadi, 71, had recently contacted the supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, 80. The government has confirmed at least 1,501 infections, but public health experts have expressed concern that the official figures are not reliable.
At least seven other senior Iranian officials and five deputies have also contracted the virus, including one who recently sat near President Hassan Rouhani at a cabinet meeting.
There is a real sense of panic and anxiety, says Farnaz Fassihi, a Times reporter who covers Iran. People barricade themselves at home. The feeling of uncertainty is exacerbated by the public's lack of confidence in the information provided by the government. From what we hear, this is a disaster taking place.
Other hot spots
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China: The virus was first detected in December in Wuhan, a sprawling city of 11 million people, and authorities responded with drastic measures that forced at least 760 million people into varying degrees of containment. Aggressive measures appear to have slowed the spread of disease.
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Italy: The number of infections jumped to 2,036 on Monday, more than double the number on Friday, making the country the epicenter of the virus in Europe. The epidemic has taken root in northern Lombardy and people from Italy have led to new cases in Nigeria, Mexico, Northern Ireland and Brazil.
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South Korea: With more than 4,300 cases, South Korea has the second largest epidemic in the world. More than half have been linked to the Shincheonji secret church of Jesus, whose leader has been accused of thwarting government containment efforts.
What would you like to know
Do not panic
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Although the epidemic is a serious public health problem, the vast majority of people who contract coronavirus do not get seriously ill, and only a small percentage need intensive medical care.
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The coronavirus does not live long on surfaces. The use of a simple disinfectant is almost guaranteed to break the delicate envelope that surrounds the tiny microorganism, making it harmless. Here's how the virus spreads and doesn't spread.
Reduce the risk of infection
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It is worth repeating it over and over again: wash your hands with clean running water and soap. Don't miss the backs of your hands, your thumbs, between your fingers or under your nails, and be sure to rub for at least 20 seconds. And keep your hands away from your face.
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Hand sanitizers containing at least 60% alcohol should be rubbed for about 20 seconds. Do not rinse or wipe off the disinfectant before it dries.
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Stay at least six feet from obviously sick people to avoid coughing and sneezing. If this is not possible or if you cannot tell sick people, even a small distance is useful.
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Don't touch your face. Respiratory viruses infect through the eyes, nose and mouth. But it's true a habit hard to break one study found that people touch their faces an average of 23 times an hour.
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Do you feel a sneeze or cough? Direct it in the crook of your elbow, to avoid putting germs on your hands. You can also use the Ebola handshake, greet others with a nudge.
What parents need to know
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Coronavirus cases have been much rarer in children than in adults; it is not clear why.
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Take the same precautions as when the flu spreads: keep healthy children away from sick children, keep sick children at home and make sure everyone keeps their hands clean. Read more tips for parents here, including those with tweens and teens.
Be prepared for disruption
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In the event of a severe pandemic, the US Department of Homeland Security suggests keeping a two-week supply of non-perishable food. This will minimize risky trips to the grocery store if the epidemic spreads.
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Experts suggest storing at least 30 days of prescription drugs. Consider doing the same for household items like laundry detergents, cleaning products, stomach remedies, cough and cold medicines, fluids containing electrolytes, and vitamins.
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If you have parents or older parents or family members who have special health issues, make sure you have a plan to take care of them if they get sick.
What else was reading
We want to hear from you
How are you preparing for a possible coronavirus outbreak in your community? Please tell us here. We may present your submission in a future newsletter.
Melina Delkic, Andrea Kannapell, Adam Pasick, Lara Takenaga and Tom Wright-Piersanti contributed to this newsletter.
Send your thoughts to briefing@nytimes.com. Did a friend send you the briefing? Register here.
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