Health
A new form of Alzheimer’s disease in the cerebrospinal fluid indicates the stage of the disease
Chicago, December 7 (Xinhua)-A new form of Alzheimer’s protein found in the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord indicates where a person is at a stage of illness and tracks tau protein entanglement in the brain. According to a study by the University of Washington School of Medicine in St. Louis.
The so-called microtubule binding region tau (MTBR tau) in cerebrospinal fluid is the insoluble part of tau protein and is the main component of tau tangle. Researchers have found that certain MTBR tau species are abundant in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease, and that measuring the level of species in the cerebrospinal fluid that immerses the brain is a toxic entanglement throughout the brain. I realized that it might be a way to measure how widespread it is.
To that end, researchers have developed a new method based on the purification of tau from a solution using chemicals, followed by mass spectrometry.
Using this technique, researchers analyzed the cerebrospinal fluid of 100 people in their 70s. Thirty had no cognitive impairment or signs of Alzheimer’s disease. Fifty-eight had amyloid plaques with no cognitive symptoms or mild or moderate Alzheimer’s disease. And 12 had cognitive deficits caused by other conditions.
Researchers have found that levels of a particular form of MTBR tau 243 in cerebrospinal fluid are elevated in people with Alzheimer’s disease, which increases as human cognitive impairment and dementia progress. ..
The researchers validated the results by following 28 members of the original group for 2-9 years. Half of the participants had some degree of Alzheimer’s disease at the beginning of the study. Over time, MTBR tau 243 levels increased significantly in the Alzheimer’s disease group, in step with worsening scores on cognitive function tests.
The gold standard for measuring tau in the living brain is the tau-PET brain scan. To see how their technique matches the gold standard, researchers compared the amount of tau visible in 35 brain scans: at levels of MTBR tau 243 in cerebrospinal fluid, Alzheimer’s. 20 sick and 15 not. MTBR tau 243 levels are highly correlated with the amount of tau identified by brain scans, suggesting that their technique accurately measured the amount of tau and therefore damage accumulated in the brain.
Alzheimer’s disease begins when a protein in the brain called amyloid begins to form spots in the brain. During this amyloid stage, which can last for more than 20 years, people show no signs of cognitive decline. However, shortly after tau tangles began to spread to neurons, people began to show confusion and amnesia, and brain scans showed increased atrophy of brain tissue.
This study was published in the journal Brain on Monday.
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