Health
Researchers investigate how pollen promotes the spread of the COVID-19 virus
Most models that describe how a virus is transmitted focus on virus particles that escape from one person and infect nearby people. Studies on the role of microscopic particles in how the virus is transmitted suggest that pollen is not sneezing.
To Fluid physicsAccording to AIP Publishing, Talib Dbouk and Dimitris Drikakis are investigating how pollen promotes the spread of RNA viruses such as the COVID-19 virus. This study uses a state-of-the-art computational approach to analyze fluid dynamics and mimic the movement of pollen from a typical pollen source, the willow tree. Pollen grains in the air contribute to the spread of aerial viruses, especially in crowded environments.
As far as we know, this is the first time we have modeled and simulated how pollen microparticles in the air are transported by breeze and contribute to the transmission of airborne viruses in outdoor crowds. “
Dimitris Dorikakis, Researcher
Researchers have noticed a correlation between COVID-19 infection rates and pollen levels on national allergy maps. Each pollen grain can carry hundreds of virus particles at a time. Trees alone can produce 1,500 grains per cubic meter in the air on heavy days.
Researchers began their work by creating all the parts that produce pollen from the willow tree for calculation. They simulated a field rally of about 10 or 100 people, some of which released COVID-19 particles, exposing people to 10,000 pollen grains.
“One of the key challenges is to recreate the perfectly realistic environment of a mature willow tree,” says Dbouk. “This included thousands of leaves and pollen particles, hundreds of stems, and a realistic gathering of a crowd of about 100 people about 20 meters from the tree.”
Adjusting the model to the temperature, wind speed, and humidity typical of a typical spring day in the United States, pollen passed through the crowd in less than a minute. This can have a significant impact on the viral load carried and can increase the risk of infection.
The authors stated that the 6-foot distance often cited in the COVID-19 recommendations may not be appropriate for people at risk for this disease in pollen-rich and congested areas. New recommendations based on local pollen levels can be used to better manage infection risk.
While drawing attention to other forms of COVID-19 infection, the authors hope that their work will arouse further interest in plant hydrodynamics.
Second, they seek to better understand the underlying mechanisms of the interaction between aerial pollen grains and the human respiratory system under a variety of environmental conditions.
Source:
Journal reference:
Dbouk, T & Drikakis, D. , (2021) About pollen and aerial virus infection. Fluid physics. doi.org/10.1063/5.0055845..
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