Health
Researchers investigate how diet and feeding patterns affect gut microbiota
An estimated 500 to 1,000 bacterial species are present in each person’s intestine, perhaps counting as 100,000 trillion microorganisms. In a new treatise published on July 5, 2022 Cell reportResearchers at the University of California, San Diego Medical School used a mouse model to investigate how diet and feeding patterns affect these gut microbiota-; and especially obesity and type 2 diabetes. Host health with.
In both mice and men, the ileum is the last part of the small intestine and connects to the cecum, the first part of the large intestine. In the ileum, nutrients are extracted from liquefied foods. In the cecum, which marks the beginning of the colon, the process of extracting water begins.
Both processes are complex and dynamic, and from the type of food consumed, when and when their presence and behavior help determine digestion, nutrient absorption, vitamin synthesis, and immune system development, intestinal microbial residents. It is greatly influenced by the factors leading up to.
It is important to recognize that the gut microbiota is constantly changing based not only on what we eat, but also on time of day. “
Amir Zarrinpar, MD, PhD, Senior Research Author, Associate Professor at UC San Diego Medical Center and Gastroenterologist at UC San Diego Health
“Most researchers take snapshots of this constantly changing environment, making it difficult to understand what’s happening in the gut. In this study, like a movie, 1 Taking multiple snapshots throughout the day is trying to better understand the method. Food and the microflora interact to affect weight gain and diabetes.
“And what we have learned is that the cyclical changes in the gut flora help the circadian clock, regulate and control glucose, cholesterol and buty acid, and help the overall metabolic health, so it is very healthy. Is important to. “
In a recent study, Zarrinpar et al. Further elucidate the effects and interactions of these factors, especially in terms of the ileum and its unique functions associated with digestion and absorption. Specifically, how diet-induced obesity (DIO) and time-limited feeding (TRF) alter the composition and transcriptome of the ileal microflora in a mouse model (the protein-encoding portion of the organism’s genome). I checked.
In the mouse model, researchers found that the lack of DIO and TRF (mice can eat as much as they want) disrupts the rhythm of the gut microbiota and the signaling pathways that help regulate the gut clock. I found it to bring. In other words, the mouse became fat and unhealthy.
“It’s interesting that TRF’s restriction of food access works not only through the recovery of affected patterns in unhealthy conditions, but also through new pathways,” said Ana, a postdoctoral researcher in Zarrinpar’s lab. Dr. Carolina Dantas Machado said.
“These findings highlight the effects of diet and time-limited feeding patterns on maintaining a healthy gut flora, which regulate the circadian rhythms that govern metabolic health,” Zalymper said. Said. “This is a very complex relationship between the microbial flora and the host, the former helping to determine gastrointestinal function and health in the latter.”
According to the authors, their study is about future studies, especially how the intestine works, or how the drug acts on intestinal function depending on the state of the microflora at a particular time or time. You can give information to the survey.
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Journal reference:
Machado, ACD, et al. (2022) Diet and feeding patterns regulate the daytime dynamics of the ileal microflora and transcriptome. Cell report. doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111008..
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